PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK MELALUI MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN LITERASI SISWA DI SDN AMBUNTEN TENGAH III

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Literacy skills are crucial to improve students' creative, critical, and analytical skills, especially when facing the challenges of the 21st century. However, the literacy rate in Indonesia is still low due to several factors, including ineffective learning approaches, limited access to reading materials, and lack of student involvement in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to teach how the implementation of project-based learning models and cooperative learning impacts on improving students' literacy skills in elementary schools. This study was conducted quantitatively through a pre-experimental approach with a One Group pre-test-post-test design. 11 fifth-grade students at SDN Ambunten Tengah III were the subjects of the study. Pretest and posttest tests were conducted to collect data, and descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used to analyze them. The results showed that students obtained better literacy scores after implementing the learning model. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that project-based learning had a negative direct effect, but cooperative learning had a positive and significant effect. Thus, the path analysis found that through the mediation of cooperative learning, project-based learning had a positive indirect effect on improving students' literacy. As a result, project-based learning combined with cooperative learning has been proven effective in improving student literacy.

Keywords: Literacy, Project Based Learning, Cooperative Learning

ABSTRAK

Keterampilan literasi sangat krusial guna meningkatkan keterampilan kreatif, kritis, beserta analitis siswa, terutama ketika menghadapi tantangan abad ke-21. Namun, tingkat literasi di Indonesia masih rendah dikarenakan sejumlah hal, termasuk pendekatan pembelajaran yang tidak efektif, keterbatasan akses terhadap bahan bacaan, dan kurangnya keterlibatan siswa dalam proses belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah guna mengajarkan bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan pembelajaran kooperatif berdampak pada peningkatan kemampuan literasi siswa di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kuantitatif melalui pendekatan pre-eksperimental beserta desain One Group pre test-post test. 11 siswa kelas V di SDN Ambunten Tengah III adalah subjek penelitian. Tes pretest dan posttest dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data, dan statistik deskriptif dan uji-t berpasangan digunakan untuk menganalisisnya. Hasilnya memperlihatkan bahwa siswa memperoleh skor literasi yang lebih baik setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran tersebut. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis proyek memiliki efek negatif secara langsung, tetapi pembelajaran kooperatif memberikan efek positif dan signifikan. Dengan demikian, analisis jalur menemukan bahwa melalui mediasi pembelajaran kooperatif, pembelajaran berbasis proyek memberikan efek tidak langsung yang positif terhadap peningkatan literasi siswa. Alhasil, pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang dikombinasikan dengan pembelajaran kooperatif sudah terbukti efektif terhadap peningkatan literasi siswa.

Kata Kunci : Literasi, Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, Pembelajaran Kooperatif